CGRG Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology
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Author : Anaka, A.; Siciliano, S.; and Wickstrom, M.
Date : 2005.
Title : Assessment of impacts in Arctic soil ecosystems: considering variability.
Publication : 35th Annual International Arctic Workshop. March 9-12, 2005. Timms Centre for the Arts, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Issue :
Page(s) :
Abstract
Recent development in Canada’s north such as the operation of diamond mines has increased the need for methods to detect adverse impacts on tundra ecosystems. These ecosystems are based on a soil type termed a cryosol that has an underlying permafrost layer. Many of these soils are subject to cryoturbation, a process which heaves and mixes the soil, bringing the mineral horizons to the surface. Studies have shown that variability in soil toxicity can be attributed in part to differences in soil factors, with organic carbon content and clay content playing key roles. The purpose of this research was to determine the spatial variability of cryosols and the resulting variability in response to a phytotoxicity test. 100 soil samples were collected from each of two different arctic sites: 1) Lac de Gras, located in the Northwest Territories and the location of a diamond mine, and 2) Truelove Lowland on Devon Island, Nunavut, with little anthropogenic impact. All samples were analyzed for clay content, pH, and organic carbon content to determine the background variability of these soil characteristics at each site. A standard phytotoxicity test was modified to simulate relevant arctic conditions, and boric acid was used as a reference toxicant. The relationship between the background variability of the soil properties and the biological responses to boric acid were determined for each soil type. The results from this study indicate the sampling intensity required for accurate assessment of impacts on cryoturbated environments.
Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology