CGRG Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology
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Author : Bird, J.B.
Date : 1974.
Title : Geomorphic processes in the Arctic
Publication : Arctic and Alpine Environments. Edited by Jack D. Ives and Roger G. Barry. - London : Methuen
Issue :
Page(s) : 703-720.
Abstract
Recognition that unique geomorphic processes are active in polar terrestrial environments came in the second half of the nineteenth century. Initially attention was focused on the effects of glaciation on arctic and alpine landscapes. However, they only affect a small part of the circumpolar lands and this chapter is restricted to analysis of nonglacerized areas whilst an interpretation of glacial landforms will be found in Hattersley-Smith and Ostrem, Chapters 4B and 4C. By the end of the century the special properties of perennially frozen ground, and the unusual moisture characteristics of soil under these conditions, were being studied. A field excursion to Svalbard in 1910 during the eleventh International Geological Congress concentrated interest on geomorphic problems of the unglacierized, northern or periglacial environments. During the decades that followed research was commonly restricted to national areas, but after 1945 progress was rapid and international in scope. Significant advances included the establishment of a committee on periglacial geomorphology by the International Geographical Union in 1949, the foundation of the International Association for Quaternary Research (INQUA) and the initiation of the scientific journal, Biuletyn Peryglacjalny (Periglacial Bulletin) in Poland in 1954. Geomorphological studies in contemporary periglacial areas have concentrated on describing the unique landforms, related sediments and the responsible processes. Parallel studies have proceeded, particularly in central Europe, of former periglacial regions that existed during the Pleistocene glacial periods. Most recently, significant developments have occurred in applied periglacial studies, particularly with regard to terrain and related engineering investigations and studies of tundra ecosystems.
Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology