CGRG Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology
Search Results
Author : Denommee, K.; Ross, M.; and Bond, J.D.
Date : 2007.
Title : Applications of geomorphology and sediment analysis to mineral exploration in a periglacial terrain, Yukon Territory.
Publication : CANQUA Ottawa 2007. Canadian Quaternary Association Conference, June 4-8, 2007. Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Issue :
Page(s) :
Abstract
Throughout the Klondike Mining District, geochemical exploration techniques involving soil sampling have been used extensively in the search for lode gold. However, the presence of permafrost and active periglacial processes on north-facing slopes has caused these techniques to yield mixed results. A number of features and processes associated with these north-facing slopes make it difficult to ensure that soil samples are free of loess and that they are consistently taken from the same soil/sediment horizon, bringing into question whether or not they are representative of the underlying bedrock. Firstly, in order to avoid loess dilution or pedogenic effects, all geochemical soil samples should be derived from the C horizon. This is difficult to achieve on north-facing slopes where near surface permafrost commonly restricts sample collection to the A horizon. In addition, the soil horizons on north-facing slopes are poorly defined and heterogeneous in nature compared to south-facing slopes that are permafrost free and have well-developed, homogeneous soil horizons. For soil sampling to generate meaningful results on north-facing slopes in this area, it is necessary that sampling techniques and the interpretation of geochemical results take into account the impact that hillslope processes (e.g. colluviation) and shallow permafrost processes (e.g. solifluction) have on the development of soils and surficial deposits. In order to identify and document these periglacial and geomorphological effects, a geomorphological map and detailed sediment profile analysis were produced for the north-facing aspects of the Lone-Sta4r area, Yukon Territory. Geomorphologic features including areas of extensive reworking and thick colluvial deposits were identified and mapped using aerial photographs and by examining soil profiles in the study area. Soil exposures at multiple locations were used to produce a sediment profile analysis of the study area that establishes and documents the relationships between landforms and hillslope and permafrost processes in the study area as well as relating soil structures to these processes. It is anticipated that by identifying and documenting areas where extensive reworking by hillslope and permafrost processes have occurred, soil sampling techniques employed by mineral exploration firms on north-facing slopes in this area can be improved. This will help to generate more meaningful data that can be effectively used in the exploration process as well assisting with the evaluation of pre-existing geochemical data.
Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology