CGRG Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology
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Author : Desplanque, C.; and Bray, D.I.
Date : 1986
Title : Winter ice regime in the tidal estuaries of the northeastern portion of the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick.
Publication : Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering
Issue : 13(2):
Page(s) : 130-139
Abstract
As more engineering works are constructed in the upper sections of tidal estuaries in northern regions, it is imperative that engineers become aware of the primary processes related to ice formation, degradation, and breakup in such environments. Since the tidal behaviour can be estimated from astronomical considerations, it is possible to make reasonable estimates concerning the timing and the relative significance of the ice buildup in a particular estuary. A classification system for the ice regime of well-mixed estuaries with a large tidal range is presented. Five distinct zones within the estuary are identified by considering the primary ice-related processes in such estuaries. The worst case for the formation of significant ice accumulations in these estuaries is considered to be that associated with a sequence of freezing temperatures occurring when the difference between the neap tide and the subsequent spring tide is greatest. During this period, significant vertical ice walls can form in a few days. The ice walls that form in the upper portion of the estuaries of the Memramcook River and the Petitcodiac River can reach a height of about 5 m. As the vertical ice walls are formed they significantly reduce the normal trapezoidal cross section, which has side slopes in the order of 1.0V:3.5H, to a rectangular cross section having about the same bottom width.
Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology