CGRG Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology
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Author : Dewart, G.
Date : 1968
Title : Seismic investigation of ice properties and bedrock topography at the confluence of two glaciers, Kaskawulsh Glacier, Yukon Territory, Canada
Publication : Ohio State University Institute of Polar Studies Report
Issue : 27
Page(s) : 207 p
Abstract
The purpose of this study was (1) to investigate seismicvelocity inhomogeneity and anisotropy in strongly deformed glacier ice; and (2) to determine the form and dimensions of that part of a sub-glacial valley where 2 large temperate glaciers merge. Noise detecting seismographs, boreholes, geological studies, and refraction and reflection seismic surveys were utilized in the area. The seismic noise in the glacier area is due to wind action, and the mean p-wave and s-wave velocities in the glacier at depths 10-100 m are 3.63 km and 1.74 km/sec, respectively. From 10 m depth to the surface the velocities of p- and s-waves decrease markedly to 3.0 km/sec and 1.5 km/sec, respectively. It is concluded that velocity anisotropy is due to ice crystal orientation, foliation structure of alternating ice layers, and crystallographic features. The greatest depth of ice in the central arm is about 1000 m, and both arms of the glacier are roughly parabolic in cross-section.
Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology