CGRG Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology
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Author : Dreimanis, A. and Karrow, P.F.
Date : 1972.
Title : Glacial history of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Region, the classification of the Wisconsin(an) Stage, and its correlatives
Publication : 24th International Geological Congress,
Issue : 12:
Page(s) : 5-15.
Abstract
Major glacial advances and retreats in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence region suggest a natural division of the Wisconsin(an) Stage into three substages: Early, Middle and Late Wisconsin(an). A more detailed classification can be developed best in the St. Lawrence - Lake Ontario - Lake Erie - Lake Huron region, as here ice marginal positions can be correlated with levels of the proglacial lakes which depended upon opening and closing of their outlets by glacial retreats and readvances. In the northeastern portion of the region a correlation with sea level changes is also possible. Abundant radiocarbon dates have been obtained on non-glacial material and the glacial chronology is inferred. Step-by-step tracing in the field, and lithologic, textural and fabric analyses of tills have greatly assisted in correlations. Climatic interpretations have been based on the fossil record, particularly palynologic data. All the above information permits subdivision of the three Wisconsin(an) substages into several stadials and interstadials and phases and intervals, by using already established names (St. Pierre, Port Talbot, Plum Point and Erie Interstadial) and introducing new ones, particularly for the glacial stadials and phases. The proposed classification of the Wisconsin(an) Stage in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence region compares well with deep-sea and Greenland ice core paleotemperatures, and general glacial histories of the northern hemisphere.
Bibliography of Canadian Geomorphology